Assam AHSEC HS Final Science Syllabus 2022-23 – HS 2nd Year Syllabus

Unit name

Important Topics

Marks

Electrostatics

Electric charges and their conservation. Coulomb’s law– force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric dipole, electric field due to dipole; torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field. Electric field lines; Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside). Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of charges and of electric dipoles in an electrostatic field. Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor

08

Current Electricity

Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity and mobility, and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity. Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance. Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel. Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge. Potentiometer– principle and applications to measure potential difference, and for comparing emf of emfs cell’S; measurement of internal resistance of a cell.

07

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids, Magnetic Hysteresis Electromagnets and

factors affecting their strengths, etc.Concept of Magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot-Savart law and its applications to current carrying circular loop (both at centre and at axial point), finite straight conductor. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire, straight and toroidal solenoids. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Lorentz force Cyclotron. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two parallel currentcarrying conductors-definition of one ampere current. Torque experienced by a current loop in a Uniform magnetic field; moving coil galvanometer– its current sensitivity and voltage sentitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter. Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment. Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron. Magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para-, dia- and ferro- magnetic substances, with examples. Magnetic Hysteresis Electromagnets and factors affecting their strengths. Permanent magnets.

08

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

Faraday’s Expt, Magnetic flux, Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and current; Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents voltage, peak and rms value of alternating current/voltage power; reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment only), LCR series circuit resonance power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer

08

Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas only). Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves. Need for displacement current. Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses

03

Optics

Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, optical fibres, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lensmaker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact. Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism. Scattering of light– blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset. Optical instruments : Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers. Wave optics : Wavefront and Huygens’ principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens’ principle. Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes. Polarisation, plane polarised light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarised light and Polaroids.

14

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation– particle nature of light. Matter waves– wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation. Davisson-Germer experiment

04

Atoms and Nuclei

Alpha– particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s atomic model; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of a nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones. Radioactivity– alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their properties; radioactive decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission and fusion

06

Electronic Devices

Semiconductors; semiconductor diode– I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action, characteristics of a transistor, Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR)

07

Communication System

Elements of a communication system (block diagram only); bandwidth of signals (speech, TV and digital data); bandwidth of transmission medium. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, sky and space wave propagation. Need for modulation.

05

Total

70

Unit name

Important topics

Marks

Solid State

unit cell in two dimensional and three-dimensional lattices, calculation of the density of unit cell, packing in solids, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, etc.

4

Solutions

relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, etc.

5

Electrochemistry

Kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell – electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells, etc.

5

Chemical kinetics

catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half-life, etc.

5

Surface chemistry

homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and selectivity: enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspensions, etc.

4

General principles and processes of Isolation of Elements

Principles and methods of extraction: concentration, oxidation, reduction electrolytic method and refining; occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron, etc.

3

p-Block Elements

General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, etc.

8

d- and f-Block Elements

interstitial compounds, alloy formation. Preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, etc.

5

Coordination Compounds

coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds, etc.

3

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions, etc.

4

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenols, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols, etc.

4

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids

Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, etc.

6

Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen

Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, etc.

4

Biomolecules

Elementary idea of a-amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, etc.

4

Polymers

Natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization (addition and condensation), copolymerization, etc.

3

Chemistry in Everyday life

Chemicals in medicines– analgesics, tranquillizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines, etc.

3

Total

70