NCERT Solutions Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 The physical world is one of the most effective tools to practice physics for class 11th exams. The NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 Physical World will help the students to get acquainted with the exam pattern and exam syllabus. Before understanding the more complex theories in physics, we will go through the cases and materials around the world where the laws of physics are being enforced by nature.
As per the latest update of CBSE Syllabus 2022-23 Physics covers both concepts and problems. To score well in the exam, it is highly recommended for the students to use NCERT Solutions while answering the questions from the textbook. Chapter-wise solutions are provided here in a pdf format which students can download free of cost.
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See NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 Physical World Answers
1.1 Some of the most profound statements on the nature of science have come from Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientists of all time. What do you think Einstein meant when he said: “The most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it makes sense”?
Answer:
The complex physical world consists of various orders of magnitude in space, time, and mass. Despite this, almost all physical phenomena can be expressed in the form of some basic laws. From this point of view, Einstein’s statement “the most incomprehensible thing about the world is that it makes sense” becomes very clear.
1.2 “Every great physical theory begins as a heresy and ends as a dogma”. Give some examples from the history of science of the validity of this sharp remark.
Answer:
A common observation in our daily life is that light travels in a straight line. When Huygens propounded his wave theory, it was a heresy. However, it soon became a dogma as interference patterns, refraction, etc., could be successfully explained on the basis of wave theory.
It was believed that light was only energy, but when the photoelectric effect was discovered it was proposed that light also has a particle nature, this was much debated and regarded as a heresy. However, Einstein eventually proved it with his quantum theory of light. From now on, it has been regarded as a dogma.
1.3 “Politics is the art of the possible”. Similarly, “Science is the art of dissolving”. Explain this beautiful thread on the nature and practice of science
Answer:
Politicians do anything and everything possible to win votes. Science is a systematic study of observation. Scientists and researchers study these observations and then make some rules from them. There are many natural phenomena happening in this universe and all of them can be explained in terms of some basic rules. For example F = mg is true for you and me and also for one star. Thus, in science we see that different phenomena are related, they are soluble and can be explained with the same or similar rule. This proves that just as politics is the art of the possible, in the same way science is the art of solubility.
1.4 Although India now has a huge base in science and technology, which is expanding rapidly, it still has a long way to go in realizing its potential to become a world leader in science. Name some important factors which in your opinion have hindered the progress of science in India.
Ans:
Here are some important factors that have obstructed the growth of science in India:
- Lack of infrastructure and funds for quality research work in science.âĸ Poor pay scales and other facilities to scientists as compared to administrators.
- Science education is neither properly oriented nor directed. It needs specific directions depending on our requirements. The industrialists are the actual consumers of new technology and research. The industrialists of this country have little confidence in the ability of Indian scientists. There is practically no co-ordination between the researchers and the industrialists.
- Rural-based science education is nearly non-existent so that majority of the population is deprived of the benefits of advancements in technology and science.
1.5 No physicist has ever “seen” an electron. Nevertheless, all physicists believe in the existence of electrons. A wise but superstitious person extends this analogy to argue that ‘ghosts’ exist even though no one has ‘seen’. How would you refute his argument?
Answer:
Even though an electron has never been ‘seen’, its effects have been observed and practical evidence of this has been tested and proven. like electricity. However, with regard to spirits and ghosts, even though there are many claims and visions, standardized scientific readings and evidence have never been observed or successfully tested. Thus, we cannot really say with 100% certainty that they exist.
1.6 The shells of crabs found around a particular coastal location in Japan mostly resemble the mythical face of a samurai. Two explanations of this observed fact are given below. Which of the following impresses you as a scientific explanation?
(a) A tragic sea accident many centuries ago drowned a young samurai. As a tribute to his bravery, nature immortalized his face by inscribing it on the crab shells in that area in his surefire ways.
(b) After a sea tragedy, the fishermen in that area, in honor of their dead hero, freed any crab shell they caught, which was mistakenly shaped like a samurai’s face. As a result, the particular shape of the crab’s shell survived for a long time and so the shape was genetically propagated over time. This is an example of evolution by artificial selection.
[Note: This interesting illustration is taken from Carl Sagan’s ‘The Cosmos’, highlighting the fact that often strange and inexplicable facts that seem ‘supernatural’ at first sight actually have simple scientific explanations. Try considering other examples like this].
Answer:
(a) More logical and scientific.
1.7 In England and Western Europe more than two centuries ago the Industrial Revolution began with some major scientific and technological advances. What were these advances?
Answer:
The rise of modern science and the industrial revolution are closely related to each other. Another profound influence of science on the development of modern science is that the application of science to solve industrial problems gained public support and interest in science.
Some of the major discoveries and their uses are listed below:
Thermodynamics and the application of heat to make steam engines are some of the major developments in science and technology during the period of the Industrial Revolution.
The implementation and discovery of electricity helped in the invention of the motor and dynamo. Similarly, the study of gravity led to the study of motion, which later led to the development of cannons and cannons. This invention put power in the hands of western countries and they ruled the rest of the world.
The discovery of explosives not only helped the army but also in mineral exploration.
These were just a few examples of scientific breakthroughs that helped England and Europe to establish their dominant position in the world.
1.8 It is often said that the world is now witnessing a second industrial revolution, which will transform society as radically as before. List some of the major contemporary areas of science and technology, which are responsible for this revolution.
Answer:
Some of the major contemporary areas of technology and science, which are mainly responsible for a new industrial revolution taking place at present and likely to happen in the near future:
artificial intelligence
Design of super-fast computers.
Biotechnology
Evolution of superconducting materials at room temperature.
progress in the field of
â Electronics
â information technology
â Nanotechnology
â Developments in Space Science
1.9 Write a fictional essay in about 1000 words based on your guesses on 21st century science and technology.
Answer:
In the 22nd century, humans will be able to create wormholes, allowing people to travel to distant places in the universe. We will be in contact with aliens and have established human settlements outside Earth as well. With advances in quantum physics we will be more aware and understanding of our universe and the true nature of existence. Our technologies will not pollute and degrade the earth. There may be some conflict between artificial intelligence and humans.
1.10 Try to formulate your ‘ethical’ views on the practice of science. Imagine you stumble upon a discovery that has great academic interest but has nothing but dangerous consequences for human society. How will you solve your dilemma?
Answer:
A scientist works for truth. Every scientific discovery reveals a certain truth of nature. Therefore, any discovery that is bad or good for mankind must be made public.
But that being said, we cannot afford to be blind to the consequences. Before disclosing it, we should find out how good or bad it will be. If we know that the mass of a certain discovery has nothing but alarming consequences to offer, then the discovery is restricted to the knowledge of the scientist and the research working on it. In this way the discovery can help society in the long run without destroying it completely now.
1.11 Science, like any knowledge, can be put to good or bad use depending on the user. Some of the applications of science are given below. Formulate your thoughts on whether the particular application is good, bad or something that cannot be clearly classified:
(a) Mass vaccination against smallpox to prevent and eventually eradicate the disease from the population. (This has already been done successfully in India).
(b) Television for eradication of illiteracy and mass communication of news and ideas.
(c) prenatal sex determination
(d) Computers to increase work efficiency
(e) placing artificial satellites in orbits around the earth
(f) development of nuclear weapons
(g) Development of new and powerful techniques of chemical and biological warfare).
(h) Purification of drinking water
(i) Plastic surgery
(j) cloning
Answer:
(a) good. Mass vaccination helped eradicate terrible diseases from the earth.
(b) good. Television helps in literacy campaign and is an effective method of mass communication and entertainment.
(c) bad. Prenatal sex determination is considered bad as it gives rise to the practice of abortion in case of female foetus.
(d) good. Computer enhances work efficiency.
(e) good. Artificial satellites help in worldwide communication process.
(f) bad. The misuse of nuclear weapons can lead to the mass destruction of mankind.
(g) bad. These techniques can be misused for destructive purposes.
(h) good. Pure water improves people’s health.
(i) Neither good nor bad. Plastic surgery is something that cannot be classified as good or bad as it helps to remove a certain type of deformity in the needy persons.
(j) bad. Cloning has the potential to ruin the normal family life of human society.
1.12 India has a long and unbroken tradition of great scholarship in mathematics, astronomy, linguistics, logic and ethics. Yet, in parallel with this, many superstitious and conservative attitudes and practices flourished in our society and unfortunately continue to this day â even among many educated people. How will you use your knowledge of science to develop strategies to counter these attitudes?
Answer:
To popularize scientific explanations of everyday events, mass media such as
â internet
â Newspapers
â television
â radio
should be used. The knowledge of science should be educated to the public so that they can know about the real causes of the phenomenon so that their superstitions can be removed.
1.13 Although the law gives equal status to women in India, many hold unscientific views on a woman’s innate nature, ability and intelligence, and in practice give her a secondary status and role. Demystify this view by using scientific reasoning and citing examples of great women in science and other fields; And convince yourself and others that women are equal to men when given equal opportunities.
Answer:
As far as work, intelligence, decision making is concerned, no difference is seen in the ability of women and men. Nature makes little difference in the anatomy and emotion of men and women. The nutritional content of prenatal and postnatal diets contributes greatly to the development of the human body. If equal opportunities are provided to both man and woman, then woman’s mind and body will be as efficient as men’s. The list of great women who have excelled in their respective fields is huge. names of
â Madame Curie
â Indira Gandhi
â Florence Nightingale
â Margaret Thatcher
â Mother Teresa,
â Sarojini Naidu
â Kalpana Chawla
From Sociology to Science are taken from different fields and all of them are very famous for their contribution in the world. Reflecting the contribution being made in every sphere of life in the country, it can be argued positively that women are no less important than men for the society.
1.14 “It is more important to have beauty in the equations of physics than to agree with experiments”. The great British physicist PAM Dirac put forward this idea. Criticize this statement. Check out some of the equations and results in this book that you find beautiful.
Answer:
Dirac’s belief is true. Equations that represent whole concepts and go against experimental results are automatically simple, small and symmetrical, which makes them really beautiful. Some examples of beautiful equations are:
E = mc 2 , E = hv, F = mg, PE = mgh.
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 1
The NCERT Solutions provided here presents you Textbook Questions Answers with Additional Questions, NCERT Example Problems with Solutions, Worksheets, MCQs and Short Answer Questions. Solving these questions will help you to prepare notes and understand the concept well.
We will see here how things work and the reasons behind how they work. As Einstein once said, “Imagination is more important than knowledge”, this chapter will introduce you to the things that surround you, the history of science and its origins. We’ll look at reasons to justify them with lots of formulas and real-life physics concepts below. We will associate ourselves with theories and observations made by many scientists and draw conclusions from them.
We will get acquainted with the factors responsible for the development of science and technology in India. The existence of an electron is discussed in this chapter, along with the scientific similarity of a crab species to that of a Japanese samurai. We will look at history such as the Industrial Revolution of Western Europe and England which was two centuries ago. We will look at the important areas of science and technology responsible for the current revolution.
We will also write a fictional article about the speculation of science and technology in the 22nd century. We will work on ethicalizing our views on science and the consequences of practicing science. We would ask you to give your opinion about some applications and processes of science, whether it was helpful for the betterment of human civilization or not. We will focus on the history of India and the superstitious practices and attitudes followed by Indians. For more chapter-wise solutions you can check NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics.
We will talk about the law behind people having irrational views about the intelligence, potential and nature of women and the role of technology in the development of society as well as giving them a status. We will let you express your judgment on the statement given by physicist PAM Dirac and we will also get to know some beautiful equations of physics. We have heard about the adventures of scientists and many other outgoing individuals who have climbed high mountains to record temperatures and even took deep dives to collect data about flora and fauna. We will look at the various questions on the above mentioned topics below.
NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 has been prepared by expert subject teachers in such a way that it covers all the concepts of the subject. Check out NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 PDF.
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Important Concepts of NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics Chapter 1
Students who are not able to answer the questions from the textbook are advised to refer to the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics from BYJUâS. A highly experienced set of faculty creates the solutions in accordance with the latest CBSE Syllabus 2022-23 and its guidelines. Some of the important concepts covered in Chapter 1 are â
1.1 WHAT IS PHYSICS?
1.2 SCOPE AND EXCITEMENT OF PHYSICS
1.3 PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY
1.4 FUNDAMENTAL FORCES IN NATURE
1.4.1 Gravitational Force
1.4.2 Electromagnetic Force
1.4.3 Strong Nuclear Force
1.4.4 Weak Nuclear Force
1.4.5 Towards Unification of Forces
1.5 NATURE OF PHYSICAL LAWS
Disclaimer âÂ
Dropped Topics âÂ
1.1 What is Physics?
1.2 Scope and Excitement of Physics
1.3 Physics, Technology and Society
1.4 Fundamental Forces in Nature
1.5 Nature of Physical Laws
Class 11 Physics Chapter 1 : Physical World || What is Physics ?
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ā§§.ā§§ā§§ āĻ¯āĻŋāĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§° āĻĻā§°ā§āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°āĻāĻžā§°ā§ā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻŋā§°ā§āĻā§° āĻā§°āĻŋ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŋāĨ¤Â āĻ¤āĻ˛āĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§° āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšā§āĻā§āĨ¤Â āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻˇ āĻāĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻ¨āĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻ˛, āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻāĻāĻžā§ąā§ āĻļā§ā§°ā§āĻŖā§āĻā§āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻ¨ā§ā§ąāĻžā§°āĻž āĻāĻŋāĻŦāĻž āĻāĻāĻž āĻ¨ā§āĻāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻāĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻžā§° āĻŽāĻ¤āĻžāĻŽāĻ¤ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŖāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ āĻā§°āĻ:
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āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§°:
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â āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻžā§°āĻ¨ā§āĻ
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â āĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻāĻ¨
â ā§°ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ ’
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āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§°:
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â āĻŽāĻžāĻĻāĻžā§° āĻā§ā§°ā§āĻāĻž,
â āĻ¸ā§°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§ āĻ¨āĻžāĻāĻĻā§
â āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž
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E = mc 2 , E = hv, F = mg, PE = mghāĨ¤
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